In May 2025, the Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission (the "Commission") issued the Upstream Petroleum Fees and Rents (Temporary) Regulations (the "Fee Regulations"), pursuant to its powers under section 216(5) of the Petroleum Industry Act 2021. Although intended as an interim measure with a six-month validity period, the Fee Regulations aim to address uncertainties regarding the fees and rents payable for upstream petroleum operations, pending the outcome of the Commission's stakeholder consultations.

In this article, we examine the provisions of the Fee Regulations and thepractical implications for upstream petroleum operators.

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